Troubleshooting and treatment of sawtooth machine ginning. Composite fabric information on output and quality control of sawtooth machine ginning.

There are many factors that affect the output and quality of sawtooth gins, and these factors are mutually restrained and influence each other. From the actual production point of view, the properties of cotton (maturity, moisture content, impurity content), equipment components and assembly, process and operating technology are the main factors affecting output and quality. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of ginning, it is necessary to control the appropriate moisture content of cotton; try to remove primary impurities, control and eliminate new defects and impurities; strengthen the rational use and maintenance of ginning equipment; maintain the good working condition of the mechanism; reasonably Arrange the process and master the correct operation method. Only in this way can high quality and high yield be achieved.
(1) Moisture content of cotton
When ginning, the moisture content of cotton must be controlled. Generally, the moisture content of cotton is required to be around 8%. Taking into account the actual moisture content of cotton in my country, the moisture content of domestically produced cotton gins can be between 8% and 10%. The moisture content is greater than 10%, and it can be rolled after being spread or dried.
(2) Density of sub-cotton rolls
In large-scale production, the sub-cotton rolls should maintain an appropriate density. If the sub-cotton rolls are too loose or too tight, the machine will not operate properly. The density of the sub-cotton rolls is small, the hooking efficiency of the saw teeth is low, and the output is reduced. At the same time, cotton with fiber is easy to fall, the hair rate increases, and the clothing loss increases. Excessive cotton roll density has a direct impact on output and quality. The main manifestations are as follows.
(1) The pressure on the saw blade is high and it consumes a lot of power.
(2) The row is not smooth or the row is uneven, and the cotton linters may be peeled off.
(3) The resistance to the movement of the cotton roll is large and it is easy to stop, which increases the number of stops and affects the output.
(4) Increase the pressure and friction of the cotton roll on the saw blade, the saw blade is easy to deform, the saw teeth are easy to be damaged, and the service life of the saw blade is shortened.
(5) The fibers between the sawtooth recesses are easy to slip off, and free fibers increase. These free fibers can easily form fibrous defects such as neps and cords.
(6) The friction between cotton fiber and the saw blade and work box intensifies, and it is easy to generate heat, damage the wax layer on the surface of the fiber, and reduce the use value of lint.
(7) The fibers are easily tightened at the roots of the saw teeth, making the brushing process difficult and affecting the hooking ability of the saw teeth. At the same time, the unbrushed fibers return to the sub-cotton, easily producing neps and cords.
(3) The impact of main components on output and quality
1. Cleansing roller
The impurity cleaning efficiency of the cleaning roller is mainly determined by the quantity of cotton processed per unit time and the size of the roller Line speed determines. Generally, the linear speed of the licker-in roller is preferably 8 to 10m/s, and the maximum cannot exceed 11m/s. If the speed of the licker-in is too high, it will have a strong impact on the cotton, which will easily break the cotton and cause defects; if the line speed is too small, the cleaning amount of cotton will be small or insufficient, the cotton will not be loosened, and the cleaning efficiency will be low.
There should be an appropriate distance between the spikes and the debris removal mesh. If the spacing is too small, the cotton will follow the movement of the spikes, resulting in low impurity removal efficiency, and the spikes will hit the cotton sharply, easily damaging the fibers and causing breakage; if the spacing is too large, the speed of the cotton will lag too much behind the speed of the spikes. , it is easy to block, twist, and form neps and cords, making it difficult to remove impurities. Generally, the distance between the end of the spike and the debris removal mesh is 12 to 15 mm.
2. Saw blade cylinder
(1) The saw blade should be flat, the thickness should not exceed the tolerance range, the surface should be smooth, and there should be no missing teeth, undercut teeth, burrs, etc. The tooth tip thickness is 0.5~0.6mm, and the tooth root arc radius is 0.25~0.35mm.
(2) Depending on the grade and moisture content of the cotton, different rotation speeds are used. When processing high-grade cotton with low moisture, the rotation speed can be higher (about 850r/min); when processing low-grade cotton with high moisture content, the rotation speed should be lower (about 700r/min).
3. Ribs
The spacing between rib working points is preferably 2.8~3.2mm, and the spacing between the upper parts of the ribs should be expanded from 3.2mm to 4.5~5mm. The arc surface from the rib working point to the top hole and both sides must be smooth and free of burrs.
4. Brush roller
The surface linear speed of the brush roller should be about 3 times the surface linear speed of the saw blade cylinder (generally 1600~1800r/min), in order to maintain an appropriate brushing speed, and It can provide appropriate air flow speed in the lint pipe to keep the lint collection smooth. The bristles of the brush must be neat and dense, with no unevenness or defects on the surface, and must fit correctly with the front and rear windshields and side windshields. The brush bristles must mesh with the saw teeth by 0 to 2 mm. The brush roller must be round, firm, airtight, airtight, flexible in operation, and correct and balanced to avoid vibration and damage to the machine.
5. Lap box
The geometry and smoothness of the lap box have a great influence on the normal operation of the sub-lap and the ginning output and quality. The cotton lap box must ensure the smooth operation of the cotton laps and smooth rowing during the production process. Starting from the working point of the embossed ribs, the inner wall of the lap box has the smallest radius of curvature. After passing through the chest plate, movable cover plate, and holding plate, the curvature radius increases in sequence. Generally, the radius is controlled from small to large at 25 to 50 mm.
(4) Operator’s technical quality
The operator’s technical quality includes not only the operator’s proficiency in operating mechanical equipment, but also his attitude towards work.
Workers with good working attitudes and skilled operations can timely and accurately adjust the technical parameters of the equipment according to the properties of the sub-cotton and the quality requirements of the rolled lint, so that the equipment can fully function.
There are various factors that affect the output and quality of ginning. In addition to the above key factors, they also have a certain relationship with the management level of the enterprise.
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