Composite fabric is a new type of material made by bonding one or more layers of textile materials, non-woven materials and other functional materials. Suitable for sofas, clothing and other textiles, it is one of the indispensable fabrics for people’s home life. Composite fabric is made of microfiber through specific textile processing and unique dyeing and finishing, and then processed by “composite” equipment. The English name of composite fabric is: “Lamination Fabric” and “Soft Shell Fabric”. Because the composite fabric uses microfiber, the fabric has high cleaning ability, that is, decontamination ability.
Summary: It is a new type of fabric made of one or more layers of textile materials bonded by oil glue or hot melt glue.
Six internationally popular composite fabric technologies
1. Hot sol powder dot coating composite fabric technology
2. Hot sol pulp dot composite fabric technology ★PUR
3. Hot sol powdered composite fabric technology
4. Hot sol two-point composite fabric technology
5. Polyurethane spray composite fabric Technology
6. Polyurethane roller coating composite fabric technology ★ namely PU
Divided according to the number of layers:
Three layers: film compounding (called in the market It is a three-in-one composite);
Second layer: composite without membrane
Production Principle
The core components of composite equipment are the gluing device and the composite device. When the surface cloth (film) passes through the gluing device, it is squeezed by the gluing pressure roller. The glue in the glue eyes of the engraving roller is forced to transfer to the surface cloth (film), and then is pressed by the composite device to obtain the initial bonding. Fastness.
Production process
Glue application device
For an engraving roller and a rubberized silicone pressure roller.
There are two general point shapes of engraving rollers: diamond points and round points.
The diamond-shaped points are arranged regularly, the points are consistent, and the water pressure resistance is relatively good. There are two types of circular dots: regular arrangement and irregular arrangement. The dot spacing is inconsistent and the water pressure resistance is relatively weak.
Maintenance treatment
The time of maintenance treatment has a great influence on the fastness of fabric bonding and the degree of fusion of adhesive. The maintenance treatment workshop is fully enclosed and a certain temperature and temperature are maintained indoors. Humidity can allow the adhesive to fuse naturally. If the temperature is increased to complete it quickly, the yarn will be easily broken by the needle during the sewing process of the fabric, and the hand will become hard. There will be a rustling sound when rubbing against each other, indicating that the adhesive It solidifies on the fabric and hardens the yarn of the fabric.
PU process equipment
In traditional composite equipment, the original glue is heated and dissolved in the solvent, the glue is added to the glue application tank manually, and the solvent is evaporated by hot pressing in the composite wheel.
The glue maturation conditions are 30℃×5day, so that the solvent can evaporate to the maximum extent.
Advantages and disadvantages of PU technology:
Advantages
1. Low cost, flexible and convenient operation
Disadvantages
1. The solvent is pungent and not environmentally friendly, and it is easy to produce APEO and formaldehyde
2. Manual application is easy to mix in impurities, and the amount of glue on the glue point is unstable
3. The amount of glue applied is large, It feels a bit stiff.
4. Ready-made garments cannot be dry cleaned
★This process has many problems. If it is not a chemical fiber fabric, it is not recommended to use this process
PUR process equipment
Use 100% solid content single-component reactive hot melt adhesive, which does not contain chemical solvents, is environmentally friendly and has no irritating smell. The machine automatically applies it and the glue tank is heated.
The maturation conditions of hot melt adhesive are 30℃ room temperature, humidity >90%, and it must be left for 72 hours to achieve the final peeling effect.
Advantages and disadvantages of PUR process:
Advantages
1. Environmentally friendly, no odor, no formaldehyde
2. Reactive glue, glue points Long lasting, garment dry cleanable.
3. The amount of glue is small and the hand feels soft
Disadvantages
1. The quality of glue is very important
2. The amount of glue is small and maintenance is difficult. If it is not sufficient, the peeling strength will be poor
Common problems with composite fabrics
1. Fabric color
1. Gluing, hot pressing, drying and other processes in the composite process Affects fabric color.
2. If the top fabric is light-colored and the base fabric is dark, the color of the base fabric will have a greater impact on the color of the base fabric.
2. Detachment/blistering after washing
Due to the poor bonding fastness of the fabric after lamination, partial detachment or blistering occurs during washing.
3. Folding and wrinkles
When the non-elastic thin fabric is used as the top fabric and the base fabric is thicker, folding and wrinkles are prone to occur.
4. Washed bark wrinkles
Composite fabrics with a shrinkage difference of more than 3 points between the top fabric and the base fabric and a large difference in fabric thickness will produce shrinkage differences when washed. The fabric side creates a bark-wrinkled effect.
5. Transparent glue
Woven fabrics are light-colored and thin, and glue spots can be seen on the cloth surface after the glue is matured.
6. Glue overflow
For fabrics with sparse texture and hard feel, it is easy for glue to seep out of the fabric surface.
7. Colored yarns in light-colored fabrics are highlighted due to compounding
White fabrics, especially white woolen materials, will cause fabric defects such as colored yarns in white fabrics due to the background of the base fabric after compounding. Particularly prominent.
8. Composite entrained foreign matter
In the PU composite production process, impurities (such as hair, fiber scraps and other impurities) are easy to fly into the composite glue. When laminating light-colored fabricsEntrained foreign matter will appear on the fabric.
9. Curling
Elastic fabric and non-elastic fabric are bonded together and the elastic fabric is thicker than the non-elastic fabric. During the composite production process, if the surface tension of the cloth is not well controlled, it will easily roll. edge phenomenon.
Selection of top and bottom fabrics
Best: consistent door width, consistent shrinkage, consistent thickness
1. The difference in shrinkage is more than 3 points. The fabric with small shrinkage should be thicker than the fabric with large shrinkage (determined by specific sample).
2. The fabric before lamination should not be subjected to hydrophobic softening treatment, especially fluorine-containing waterproofing treatment.
3. Try to avoid choosing white fabrics, especially white woolen fabrics, for lamination
4. High-value fabrics have narrower widths than low-value fabrics, and the difference in width cannot exceed 10CM. , otherwise the waste will be greater.
5. Try not to use fabrics with production risks for lamination.
Composite process
1. For fabrics that require dry cleaning, the PUR process should be selected for lamination.
2. When laminating, the fabrics should be aligned with the silk strands to avoid skewed wefts, twisting of straight yarns, etc.
3. Sufficient maintenance treatment in the mid-term, otherwise the peeling strength will be poor.
4. Composite processing seems simple, but it has a lot to do with the experience, technology, and operational proficiency of the composite factory.
5. The composite fabric cannot be recombined. Even if it is peeled off, it will affect the yarn of the fabric, make it hard to the touch, and the yarn is easily punctured by needles.
6. Non-elastic high-density woven fabrics need to be compounded with film, otherwise the fastness will be poor
Composite order process 1. Composite production must go through evaluation-sample-testing before confirmation
2. The pre-cut pieces and large-volume composite fabrics can only be determined after a fabric sample evaluation
3. The national standard for composite fabrics is only FZ/T 72016-2012 “Knitting Composite clothing fabrics are suitable for clothing fabrics made of knitted fabrics and other materials through bonding and compounding processes.
4. It is required that it does not come off after being washed 5 times, does not foam, and the peeling strength is qualified
