Calendering is a physical finishing method in which the fabric passes through two pressure rollers. The upper and lower rollers pressurize the fabric at the same time to produce a mirror effect on the cloth surface, thereby improving the quality of the cloth surface. Finish and reflective properties.
Usually two pressure rollers consist of a stainless steel rod and a cotton or nylon roller or wool rod. After calendering, the feel of the fabric can also be improved. .
However, the warp shrinkage has increased, and the calendering effect disappears after the fabric is put into water.
What needs to be remembered are the several common calendering effects we have.
Ordinary calendering is mainly to make the cloth surface smooth, which is convenient for subsequent deep processing such as coating.
Anti-down calendering is mainly a multi-pass repeated calendering, which makes the cloth surface shrink more densely, which can wrap the down and make down jacket fabrics.
Membrane calendering mainly makes the cloth surface appear like a film, making the cloth more novel and used for clothing fabrics.
Embossing, as the name suggests, is carved on a roller to carve out a flower shape, and leaves a mark on the cloth through high temperature, producing an effect similar to that of printing. It is mainly used for clothing. Fabric and lining.
In our actual work process, we mainly come into contact with three types of calenders: mirror calender, oil surface calender, and film calender.
Mirror calender
The upper roller is a highly polished metal roller, which is also a heated roller, and the middle is nylon The lower roller is a metal roller, which mainly functions as a supporting roller.
During production, the cloth passes between the upper roller (heating roller) and the middle roller (nylon roller). Under pressure, the heating roller and the nylon roller form a rolling points, the fabric passes through the calendering points to achieve the calendering effect.
Oil surface calender
The difference between oil surface calender and mirror calender is the oil surface The lower roller is a rubber roller (soft roller), while the mirror surface is a nylon roller (hard roller). The rubber roller is more resistant to high temperatures.
So the temperature of the oil-surface calender can rise to more than 200 degrees, and the luster produced is more shiny, similar to mirror leather and patent leather.
Film calender
The middle roller of the film calender is a highly polished chromium-plated metal roller (heated roller). The upper and lower parts are nylon rollers (different from mirror nylon rollers, film nylon rollers are more elastic, and imported nylon rollers are commonly used).
When the machine is working, the cloth passes between the lower nylon roller and the heating roller and then passes between the heating roller and the upper nylon roller, thus forming two rollers. point, which is equivalent to the cloth being rolled twice.
The quality of the film calendering effect is also closely related to the fabric specifications. If you want to have a good waxy film feel, you need high density and a high yarn count. Several fabrics, such as the most common 310T50D72F polyester taffeta film calendered.
When we usually perform calendering treatment, we must be clear that the so-called calendering treatment uses cotton fibers to have a certain degree of plasticity under wet and hot conditions. at this point.
Under certain temperature, moisture and mechanical pressure, the yarns of the fabric are flattened, and the erected piles are pressed against the surface of the fabric.
This makes the surface of the fabric smooth and smooth, reducing the degree of diffuse reflection of light, thus increasing the gloss.
But if you think that you can process the fabric just by calendering, it is too unprofessional. You must know that many times we need to use a variety of methods to process it. Do you know that we can get fabrics that meet our requirements?
