Recently, an on-site inspection meeting of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs’ cotton main promotion technology “Yangtze River Basin Machine-picked Cotton Standardized Cultivation Technology” organized by the National Cotton Industry Technology System and hosted by the Economic Crop Research Institute of the Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences was held in Jianli City, Hubei Province.
This year, the cotton team of the Economic Crop Research Institute of the Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences jointly carried out a 400-acre machine-picked cotton trial demonstration project in Xinzhou Village, Rongcheng Town, Jianli City, and the Luoping Grain and Cotton Planting Professional Cooperative in Jianli City. The variety is “EZ9” independently selected and bred by the institute, using technologies such as “one sowing of whole seedlings, density increase and weight loss, chemical weeding, and plant type control”.
At the inspection meeting, participating experts observed on-site the demonstration effect and development model of cotton mechanical harvesting technology. The seed cotton yield at the inspection site reached 272.8 kilograms per mu, achieving centralized boll formation, centralized flocculation, and centralized machine harvesting. Harvesting has achieved the goal of mechanizing the entire cotton process, simplifying cultivation, improving quality and efficiency, and achieving green and sustainable development.
In the past 10 years, the cotton planting area in Hubei has been declining year by year. The important reason for this phenomenon is that cotton harvesting mainly relies on manual labor, which is highly labor-intensive. The research and development of standardized cultivation technology for machine-picked cotton in the Yangtze River Basin has established With the supporting cultivation technology system for machine-picked cotton in the Yangtze River Basin, the seed cotton yield can reach more than 500 kilograms per mu, and the one-time harvesting rate is more than 90%. It provides an overall improvement in the mechanized production level of cotton, greatly reduces labor input and increases the efficiency of cotton planting. Developed a set of efficient technical models.
It is reported that this technology has carried out technical research to solve the industrial problems of cotton production in the Yangtze River Basin, such as high investment, high cost, high labor intensity, and low cotton planting efficiency, and effectively solved the problem of machine-picked production in the Yangtze River Basin. The nine key core technical difficulties of cotton have enabled the continuous cropping of wheat (oil) and cotton, ensuring that grain, cotton and oil will not compete for land, and improving the overall level of mechanized cotton production. It will support the recovery of cotton production in the mainland and maintain the sustainability of the cotton industry chain in the Yangtze River Basin. It plays an important leading role in stabilizing development and ensuring the safe supply of cotton and improving cotton planting efficiency.
“Among the various costs of cotton cultivation, manual cotton picking is the most expensive. It costs 1.5 yuan to pick a pound of cotton. If machine picking is implemented, it only costs 0.5 yuan per pound. From the perspective of economic and social development Judging from the needs, machine-picked cotton is imperative, and the cost per kilogram of machine-picked cotton is nearly 70% lower than manual picking.” Villa, deputy director of the Economic Crop Research Institute of the Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that the team collected data from thousands of Among the varieties, machine-picked cotton varieties suitable for planting in Hubei were selected.
Yi Guoxiang, a researcher at the Hubei Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Station, said that this year’s machine-picked cotton test demonstration work is the largest and most effective in recent years. The application of machine-picked cotton standardized cultivation technology has made Fertilizers and pesticides in cotton fields have been reduced by 40% and pesticides have been reduced by 40%. Mechanical harvesting has solved the biggest bottleneck problem in cotton production – lack of labor, which is conducive to the sustainable development of my country’s cotton industry in the long run.
“Constructing high-quality cotton planting belts in Jianghan Plain and other areas along rivers and lakes, and accelerating the research, development and promotion of cotton mechanization technology are of great significance to improving the quality and efficiency of cotton production in Hubei Province and promoting the moderate recovery of cotton in the Yangtze River Basin. “You Aiqing, president of the Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, pointed out that it is not easy for the demonstration work to succeed under the adverse effects of this year’s persistent high temperatures and extreme drought weather.
In the past two years, the cotton planting area in Hubei has stabilized at around 1.9 million acres. Next, the standardized cultivation technology of machine-picked cotton will be promoted and applied in the cotton producing areas of Hubei Province to promote the quality and efficiency of the cotton industry. and increase income of cotton farmers.
Keywords:
Cotton industry technology system standardized cultivation
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