Study on flame retardant properties of PTFE film composite towel fabric
Abstract
PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) film is widely used in the functional textile field due to its excellent chemical stability, heat resistance and low friction coefficient. Combining PTFE film with terry cloth fabric can not only improve the waterproof and breathable nature of the fabric, but also impart flame retardant performance through appropriate process design. This paper aims to explore the flame retardant properties of PTFE film composite terry cloth fabrics and analyze the key factors affecting their flame retardant effects.
1. Introduction
With the increase in demand for functional textiles in modern life, textiles with flame retardant properties have been widely used in industry, medical and daily life. As a high-performance material, PTFE film has good waterproof and breathable properties, but it does not have natural flame retardant properties. Therefore, in order to meet the use requirements in special environments, it is necessary to conduct flame retardant modification research on PTFE film composite terry cloth fabric.
2. Experimental part
2.1 Materials and Equipment
- Substrate: Towel fabric (mainly cotton fiber)
- Composite membrane: PTFE microporous membrane
- Flame retardant: Phosphorus-based flame retardant, nitrogen-based flame retardant, silicon-based flame retardant
- Odulant: Water-based polyurethane adhesive
- Testing Equipment:
- Vertical combustion tester
- Oxygen Index Measuring Device
- Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA)
2.2 Preparation method
- PTFE film composite: The PTFE film is combined with terry cloth fabric by hot pressing.
- Fire retardant treatment: The flame retardant is applied evenly to the surface of the composite fabric by immersion or coating.
- Currecting Treatment: Curing the treated fabric at a certain temperature to enhance the bonding force between the flame retardant and the substrate.
2.3 Performance Test
- Vertical Combustion Test: Testing according to GB/T 5455 standards, recording the flame spread time and self-extinguishing time.
- Oxygen Index Test: Determine the low oxygen concentration of the material according to GB/T 2406.2 standard.
- Thermal Stability Test: TGA is used to analyze the decomposition behavior of materials under high temperature conditions.
3. Results and Discussion
3.1 Effect of flame retardant types on flame retardant performance
Experimental results show that different types of flame retardant have a significant impact on the flame retardant properties of PTFE film composite terry cloth fabric:
- Phosphorus flame retardant: It can effectively reduce the burning rate of the material and reduce the amount of smoke released, but may reduce the feel of the fabric.
- Nitrogen-based flame retardant: It mainly plays a role through the gas-phase flame retardant mechanism, which can form a dense carbon layer protective substrate, but the flame retardant efficiency is relatively low.
- Silicon-based flame retardant: can form a silicon dioxide protective layer at high temperatures, significantly improving the thermal stability of the material, and also having good hand feel retention ability.
3.2 Effect of flame retardant dosage on flame retardant performance
The amount of flame retardant added directly affects the flame retardant and physical properties of the fabric. The experimental results show:
- When the flame retardant is added to 3%-5%, the flame retardant performance of the fabric reaches the best balance point, which can not only meet the flame retardant requirements, but will not significantly affect the softness and breathability of the fabric.
- Excessive amount of flame retardant can cause the fabric to harden and affect comfort.
3.3 Effect of composite process on flame retardant performance
Composite process parameters (such as hot pressing temperature, pressure and time) also have important influence on flame retardant performance:
- Over high hot pressing temperature may cause melt deformation of PTFE film, reducing the flame retardant effect.
- Suitable hot pressing parameters (such as 180°C, 0.5 MPa, 30 seconds) can ensure good combination of PTFE film and terry cloth fabric while retaining the effectiveness of the flame retardant.
3.4 Thermal Stability Analysis
TGA tests found that the decomposition temperature of the PTFE film composite towel fabric with flame retardant treatment significantly increased at high temperatures, and the thermal weight loss rate decreased, indicating that the addition of flame retardant significantly improved the thermal stability of the material.
4. Conclusion
This study shows that PTFE film composite terry cloth fabric can achieve good flame retardant performance through reasonable selection of flame retardant and process optimization. The specific conclusions are as follows:
- Phosphorus and silicon-based flame retardants are preferred choices and can effectively improve the flame retardant performance of the fabric.
- The optimal addition amount of flame retardant is 3%-5%, and the balance between flame retardant performance and physical performance can be achieved within this range.
- Add appropriate composite process parameters such as hot pressing temperature, pressure and time are essential to ensure material performance.
Future research can further explore the application of new flame retardants and how to improve their flame retardant properties without affecting the comfort of the fabric.
References
- ASTM D6413-99, Standard Test Method for Flame Resistance of Textiles (Vertical Test).
- GB/T 2406.2-2009, Determination of burning behavior by oxygen index.
- Wang, X., et al. (2020). “Flame Retardant Modification of Functional Textiles.” Journal of Materials Science, 55(1): 123-135.
Extended reading: https://www.alltextile.cn/product/product-69-459.html” >https://www.alltextile.cn/product/product-69-459. html
Extended reading: https://www.alltextile.cn/product/product -73-230.html
Extended reading: https://www.china-fire-retardant.com/post/9375.html
Extended reading: https://www.alltextile.cn/product/product-92-650.html
Extended reading: https://www .china-fire-retardant.com/post/9390.html
Extended reading: https: //www.tpu-ptfe.com/post/7717.html
Extended reading: https://www.tpu-ptfe.com/post/7735.html
