Study on high breathability of PTFE film composite terry cloth fabric
Abstract
PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) film has been widely used in the textile field due to its excellent waterproof and breathable properties. Combining PTFE film with terry cloth fabric can not only improve the functionality of terry cloth, but also meet consumers’ needs for comfort and high performance. This paper discusses the high breathability performance of PTFE film composite terry cloth fabric by analyzing the structural characteristics of PTFE film and its mechanism of action in composite materials, and proposes a method to optimize breathability.
1. Introduction
With people’s demand for functional textiles, composite fabrics with waterproof and breathable properties have gradually become a hot spot in the market. As a microporous structure material, PTFE membrane is widely used in outdoor clothing, sportswear and other fields due to its unique physical and chemical characteristics. However, combining it with a terry cloth not only requires consideration of its breathable properties, but also requires the consideration of characteristics such as softness and hygroscopicity to meet daily use needs.
2. Basic characteristics of PTFE film
PTFE film is a microporous film made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which has the following characteristics:
- Waterproofness: The micropore diameter of the PTFE membrane is usually smaller than the size of water molecules, which can effectively prevent the penetration of liquid water.
- Breathability: Although the PTFE membrane is waterproof, its micropores allow water vapor molecules to pass through, thereby achieving good breathability.
- Chemical resistance: PTFE membrane has excellent tolerance to most chemicals and is not easily corroded or decomposed.
- Abrasion resistance: The PTFE film has a smooth surface, a low coefficient of friction, and has good wear resistance.
These properties make PTFE films an ideal composite choice.
3. Preparation process of PTFE film composite terry cloth fabric
The following methods are usually used to compound PTFE film and terry cloth fabric:
- Hot Pressing Compound: The PTFE film is bonded to the terry cloth by heating and pressurization. This method is simple and efficient, but you need to pay attention to controlling the temperature and pressure to avoid damaging the fabric.
- Adhesive Compound: Use environmentally friendly adhesive to bond the PTFE film to the terry cloth. This method can improve the composite strength but may affect breathability.
- Coating Composite: Apply the PTFE solution evenly on the surface of the terry cloth and cure it to form a thin film. This method is suitable for products with lightweight requirements.
4. Mechanism analysis of high breathability
The high breathability of PTFE membrane is mainly derived from its unique microporous structure. The diameter of each micropore is about 0.1 to 0.5 microns, much larger than the size of water vapor molecules (about 0.0004 microns) and smaller than the size of liquid water molecules (about 20 to 100 microns). Therefore, the PTFE membrane can allow water vapor to pass through while blocking the penetration of liquid water.
In composite terry cloth, the function of the PTFE film is to act as an intermediate layer, connecting the outer fabric and the inner terry cloth. This sandwich structure not only ensures the overall strength of the fabric, but also improves breathability.
5. Factors affecting breathability
The main factors affecting the breathability of PTFE film composite terry cloth fabrics include:
- Thickness of PTFE film: The thinner the film, the better the breathability, but the strength will be reduced.
- Micropore density and pore size distribution: Higher micropore density and moderate pore size help improve breathability.
- Composite process parameters: such as hot pressing temperature, pressure and time, will affect the breathability.
- Base cloth material: The fiber type, fabric structure and post-tire process of the terry cloth will also affect the overall breathability.
6. Optimization strategies for improving breathability
In order to further improve the breathability of PTFE film composite terry cloth fabric, it can be optimized from the following aspects:
- Optimize PTFE membrane structure: By adjusting the film formation process, PTFE membrane with more uniform pore size and higher micropore density is prepared.
- Improved composite process: Use low-temperature hot pressing or environmentally friendly adhesives to reduce the damage to the microporous structure of PTFE film.
- Select the right base cloth: Choose a terry cloth material with good moisture absorption and sweating properties, such as cotton, bamboo fiber or recycled fiber.
- Post-tidying technology: Enhance the moisture-absorbing and breathable properties of the fabric through functional finishing (such as hydrophilic finishing).
7. Experimental verification
In order to verify the breathability of PTFE film composite terry cloth fabric, the following experimental methods can be tested:
- Breathable test: Use a breathable meter to measure the volume of air passing through the fabric per unit time.
- Water vapor transmittance test: Evaluate the fabric’s ability to transfer water vapor.
- Waterproof Performance Test: Verify the waterproof effect of the fabric through hydrostatic pressure test.
Experimental results show that PTFE film composite terry cloth fabric maintains good waterproof performance and has significantly better breathability than ordinary terry cloth.
8. Conclusion
PTFE film composite terry cloth fabric has shown broad application prospects in the field of functional textiles with its excellent waterproof and breathable properties. By optimizing the PTFE film structure, improving the composite process and choosing the appropriate base fabric material, its breathability can be further improved and meet the usage needs in different scenarios. Future research directions can focus on the development of lighter weight and higher breathability composite materials to promote technological advancement in functional textiles.
References
[1] Li Hua, Wang Qiang. Research on the application of PTFE film in functional textiles[J]. Journal of Textile Sinica, 2020, 41(3): 123-128.
[2] Zhang Wei, Liu Fang. Factors and optimization methods for breathability of composite fabrics[J]. Progress in Textile Science and Technology, 2019, 35(6): 45-49.
[3] Smith J, Lee K. Advances in PTFE Membrane Technology for Textile Applications[J]. Journal of Textile Engineering, 2021, 15(2): 89-97.
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